Insulation Inspections

One of the challenges traditional home inspections and energy audits companies face is the fact that inspectors can tell the facility is not performing well but they can not determine the degree to which the facility is not performing nor identify where the specific energy loss areas are located.

Poorly installed insulation can significantly impair the thermal performance of building components. We’ve all seen insulation batts that are placed carelessly, loose-fill insulation that barely covers the area that was intended to be covered or exterior rigid foam installed not just with gaps between the sheets, but barely even touching the rest of the wall. Quantitative research generally supports the idea that insulation must be installed carefully to maintain its rated performance, and energy codes require proper installation.

A statement such as “All insulation materials… shall be installed in accordance with manufacturer’s instructions” is found in every published edition of the Model Energy Code (MEC) and the International Energy Conservation Code (IECC). Manufacturer’s instructions aren’t always what you get in the field. Most installation instructions require fluffing insulation to the proper thickness, covering continuously, filling cavities completely, and fitting products around all obstructions, such as wiring, plumbing, and framing. However, insulation is difficult to install perfectly—and in most markets, with installers paid by the sq ft, there’s little incentive to get the details right.

Missing, damaged or non-performing insulation will stand out clearly in a thermal image when there is at least a 18°F (10°C) temperature difference between the conditioned space and the outside air. Our infrared inspection are done from both inside and outside, with the best results usually gained from inside where the thermal patterns are more distinct. When work is done in the daytime or early evening, the impact of solar loading must be considered.

The effects of the sun can remain on a wall six to eight hours after sunset. Wind must also be reckoned with as it can quickly eliminate the thermal difference on an exposed surface. Keep in mind that wind can also enhance thermal patterns, especially those associated with poor performance of insulation. It is essential to know the type of insulation in the building as well as construction details, including how the insulation was installed. It is not unusual to find insulation in place but not performing up to specifications.

The costs of poor insulation performance are numerous. In addition to excessive energy consumption, there may be health issues associated with mold growth and damage to roofs and interiors caused by water intrusion. Thermal imaging provides us with a high-quality map of both the structural elements and any insulation that may already be in place. 

Gratton Infrared works with qualified and certified insulation contractors to provide leading edge inspection and remediation services to help repair thermal anomalies due to insulation deficiencies.